What is acute uric acid nephropathy?

Acute uric acid nephropathy (UAN) is characterized by acute oliguric or anuric kidney failure due to uric acid precipitation within the distal tubules and collecting ducts [1,2].

What is urate nephropathy?

Gout nephropathy (also known as chronic uric acid nephropathy or urate nephropathy) is a form of chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, induced by deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the distal collecting ducts and the medullary interstitium, associated with a secondary inflammatory reaction.

What causes urate nephropathy?

Chronic hyperuricemia and gout are the only causes of chronic urate nephropathy, if it exists as a clinical entity. Uric acid stones develop in 20% of people with gout.

What causes gouty nephropathy?

Uric acid nephropathy is caused by high levels of uric acid in the body, which may result from either overproduction of urate or reduced uric acid excretion.

How is urate nephropathy treated?

For optimal prophylaxis of acute uric acid nephropathy, allopurinol should be administered at 48-72 hours or, preferably, 5 days before the initiation of cancer therapy. Uric acid nephropathy is relatively rare if this is accomplished. The level of existing renal function must be considered when dosing the drug.

What causes urate crystals?

Urate crystals can form when you have high levels of uric acid in your blood. Your body produces uric acid when it breaks down purines — substances that are found naturally in your body. Purines are also found in certain foods, including red meat and organ meats, such as liver.

How does uric acid damage the kidneys?

Uric acid crystals can form kidney stones in some people. These stones are very painful and can hurt the kidneys by: blocking the kidneys from removing wastes, which can cause infection, and. scarring the kidneys with their sharp edges.

What do Urates indicate?

If too much uric acid stays in the body, a condition called hyperuricemia will occur. Hyperuricemia can cause crystals of uric acid (or urate) to form. These crystals can settle in the joints and cause gout, a form of arthritis that can be very painful. They can also settle in the kidneys and form kidney stones.

Can high uric acid damage kidneys?

Some studies show that gout and high uric acid may harm the kidneys. It’s very important to treat your gout early to protect your kidneys from more harm. High uric acid may not cause problems for many people, but it may cause gout in some people.

What’s the difference between urate and uric acid?

Uric acid (urate) is produced following breakdown of purines (either from the diet or from the normal breakdown of cells in the body). Uric acid is removed by the kidneys and excreted in the urine and faeces.

What causes urate levels to be high?

Most of the time, a high uric acid level occurs when your kidneys don’t eliminate uric acid efficiently. Things that may cause this slow-down in the removal of uric acid include rich foods, being overweight, having diabetes, taking certain diuretics (sometimes called water pills) and drinking too much alcohol.

Is Acute uric acid nephropathy a type of renal failure?

Acute uric acid nephropathy is a reversible type of renal failure that results from the deposition of uric acid crystals in the collecting tubules. The present study has compared a number of laboratory tests in 5 patients with a clinical diagnosis of this disorder and 27 patients with acute renal failure of other causes.

What is the pathophysiology of acute urate nephropathy?

Acute urate nephropathy is most commonly seen in patients with tumor lysis syndrome. Tumor lysis syndrome is defined by the metabolic complications of rapid tumor cell turnover and dramatic lysis of tumor cells associated with antineoplastic treatment. It is characterized by hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and acidosis.

Can phencyclidine abuse cause acute uric acid nephropathy?

Acute uric acid nephropathy: a complication of phencyclidine intoxication Raman Patel Copyright and License informationDisclaimer Copyright notice Abstract Although cases of myoglobinuric acute renal failure in phencyclidine abuse have been reported there are no previous reports of acute renal failure due to hyperuricaemia in this condition.

What is the pathophysiology of hyperuricemic nephropathy?

Familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy (FJHN) is a rare autosomal dominant condition characterized by hyperuricemia associated with a tubular defect in uric acid excretion. 38 Children develop progressive renal impairment with interstitial fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis. The hyperuricemia is due to renal underexcretion of uric acid.