How to prepare cubosomes?

To prepare cubosomes containing the model protein FITC-Ova, phytantriol or GMO was heated to 45 °C and a concentrated solution of FITC-Ova (1 mg/10 μL) at 10% w/w to the lipid was added and mixed using a magnetic stirrer (250–300 rpm) until the samples were visually homogeneous.

How do you make solid lipids nanoparticles?

METHOD OF SLN PREPARATION

1. High shear homogenization:
2. Hot homogenization:
3. Cold homogenization:
4. Ultrasonication or high speed homogenization:
5. SLN prepared by solvent emulsification/evaporation:
6. Micro emulsion based SLN preparations:
7. SLN preparation by using supercritical fluid:
8. Spray drying method:

What is Lipid nanoparticle formulation?

Formulation of lipid nanoparticles. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are synthesized by the mixing of two phases: (1) a four-component ethanol phase containing ionizable lipid, helper phospholipid, cholesterol, and lipid-anchored PEG; (2) an acidic aqueous phase containing mRNA.

What is the N P ratio?

Introduction. N/P ratio, or basically the ratio of positively-chargeable polymer amine (N = nitrogen) groups to negatively-charged nucleic acid phosphate (P) groups, is perhaps one of the most important physicochemical properties of polymer-based gene delivery vehicles.

What is DSPC in vaccines?

4 Both the Comirnaty and Moderna vaccine contain distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC), a phospholipid that is part of the LNPs. Although no anaphylaxis or other allergic reactions to DSPC have been described, it should be considered as a potential allergen. Moreover, the Moderna vaccine contains tromethamol as buffer.

Why is an N p ratio important?

N/P ratio, or basically the ratio of positively-chargeable polymer amine (N = nitrogen) groups to negatively-charged nucleic acid phosphate (P) groups, is perhaps one of the most important physicochemical properties of polymer-based gene delivery vehicles.

What is a high N p ratio?

While in. group B, high N:P ratio represents high nitrogen with the condition of abundant phosphorus, and a. nitrogen limitation like trend was shown within the range of nitrogen concentration. In both groups, high. absolute concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus within a concentration range favored high maximum.

What is DSPC made from?

Distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) is a phosphatidylcholine, a kind of phospholipid. It is a natural constituent of cell membranes, eg. soybean phosphatidylcholines are mostly different 18-carbon phosphatidylcholines (including minority of saturated DSPC), and their hydrogenation results in 85% DSPC.

Is DSPC toxic?

Given the use of air and vehicle controls in a range of inhalation toxicology studies as well as negative genotoxicity and also reproductive toxicity results, it is thought that the use of DSPC is shown to be safe for pulmonary administration.

What is liposomal drug delivery technology?

Abstract. Liposomes are a novel drug delivery system (NDDS), they are vesicular structures consisting of bilalyers which form spontaneously when phospholipids are dispersed in water. They are microscopic vesicles in which an aqueous volume is entirely enclosed by a membrane composed of lipid bilayers.

How do you calculate nitrogen phosphorus ratio?

The simplest method of determining a ratio is to divide the weights of nitrogen, phosphate, and potash by the lowest weight of the three.

What is nitrogen phosphorus ratio?

Abstract. One of the most intriguing patterns in the biosphere is the similarity of the atomic nitrogen-to-phosphorus ratio (N:P) = 16 found in waters throughout the deep ocean and in the plankton in the upper ocean.

Which radioisotope is most stable?

The most stable isotope of uranium, U-238, has an atomic number of 92 (protons) and an atomic weight of 238 (92 protons plus 146 neutrons). The isotope of uranium of greatest importance in atomic bombs, U-235, though, has three fewer neutrons.

What is DSPC used for?

Distearoylphosphatidylcholine (DSPC) is a zwitterionic phospholipid that is used in the preparation of liposomes for transfection and drug delivery applications. DSPC functions to enhance encapsulation efficiency and liposome stability which enables greater effectiveness in bioprocessing.

What are the disadvantages of liposome?

Disadvantages of liposomes

• Production cost is high.
• Leakage and fusion of encapsulated drug / molecules.
• Sometimes phospholipid undergoes oxidation and hydrolysis-like reactions.
• Short half-life.
• Low solubility.
• Fewer stables.